Microsporidia from the Nosema (Vairimorpha) genus are pathogenic fungi that complete their life cycle in the honeybee intestine. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the impact of the course of infection on the viability of honeybee intestine cells. Methods and Results: Intestines isolated from healthy and N. ceranae-infected honeybees were stained using two dyes, SYTO 9 and propidium iodide, and analyzed under an Axiovert 200M fluorescence microscope immediately after the isolation of the intestines. The ImageJ program was used for the quantitative analysis of the cell structure parameters. Our study demonstrated for the first time that healthy bees have a higher number of live cells in their intestines than infected bees, and that the intestines of N. ceranae-infected honeybees contain dead cells concentrated in spots. The results obtained for these two cases differed significantly, and were confirmed by statistical tests. Conclusions: The intestines of infected honeybees contain dead cells concentrated in red/dead spots, which can lead to necrotic changes, the interruption of the host’s intestinal continuity, intestinal leaking and the increased mortality of the host.
Nosemosis can lead to necrotic changes in the honeybee intestine
Author: AnetaPtaszynska
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Aneta_PtaszynskaPERSONAL INFORMATION 2023 - a plenary speaker representing the Republic of Poland at the United Nations Headquarters (ECOSOC Chamber), 10 February 2023, New York, USA. Since 2023, co-chair of the Task Force on the Protection of Pollinators from Pesticides of the European Commission's Biodiversity Platform (EUBP). Since 2022, an expert representing the Republic of Poland in the Working Group on Pollinators, which is a part of the EU Biodiversity Platform (EUBP). Since 2020, the originator and coordinator of the EU Green week in Lublin, entitled: "Air, Earth and Water - a walk among elements". Dr hab. Aneta A. Ptaszynska, prof. UMCS is associate professor at Maria Curie-Skłodowska University (UMCS) in Poland. AAP research interests focus on wild pollinators and their protection especially under Anthropogenic landscapes. She is also interested in immunology of honey bee colonies and is working on new therapeutic substances against bee pathogenic fungi belonging to the phyla Microsporidia (as Nosema) and Ascomycota (especially Candida). She is also looking for substance to protect bees against pesticides. Assoc Prof. Aneta A. Ptaszynska research interests focus on honeybees and wild pollinators and their protection especially under Anthropogenic landscapes. She is also looking for substance to protect honeybees against pesticides and pathogens. Her research has become the basis for 6 patents and 5 patent applications concerning innovative preparations for the honeybee and two implementations of these preparations. Since 2011 she has been conducting experimental work on honeybee microbiome, diseases, and synthetic as well as natural substances that can be the basis for combating honeybee diseases and improving the honeybee immune system. She won the International EIFFEL Prize awarded by the French Federation of Inventors at the 117th International Fair of Inventions, CONCOURS LÉPINE 2018 in, the gold medal awarded by World Invention Intellectual Property Associations (WIIPA) at the Euroinvent European Exhibition of Creativity and Invention in Romania and silver medal awarded by the 70th International Fair "Ideas, Inventions, New Products" iENA in Nuremberg, Germany. In 2017 she benefited by a GB-TAF-7137, SYNTHESYS Project under the funding of the European Commission's Infrastructure Action at Natural History Museum in London, UK. Moreover, in years 2017-2022 she led four grants for pre-implementation support for the results of scientific research and development works under the "Incubator of Innovation". Patents PL 241494. In The water extract from ant Lasius fuliginosus nest for the treatment of honeybee nosemosis. Authors: Bernard Staniec, Grzegorz K. Wagner, Aneta Ptaszyńska, Magdalena Kunat, Magdalena Jaszek, Dawid Stefaniuk, Anna Matuszewska. PL 241381. Ethanol alcohol extract from plants of the genus Cannabis for use in preparations protecting bees against the harmful effects of neonicotinoid insecticides and combating nosemosis. Authors: Aneta A. Ptaszyńska, Rafał Kuźniewski, Daniel Załuski. PL. 241380. Aqueous ethanol extract of Cannabis plants for use in preparations to protect bees against the harmful effects of neonicotinoid insecticides and to combat nosemosis. Authors: Aneta A. Ptaszyńska, Rafał Kuźniewski, Daniel Załuski. PL. 233794. Strains of bacteria of the genera Lactobacillus and Fructobacillus isolated from the digestive tract of honeybees for use in combating and preventing bee diseases, and probiotic preparations based on such bacterial strains. Authors: Aneta A. Ptaszyńska, Wanda Małek, Grzegorz Borsuk, Mirosław Grząa, Magdalena Wicha, Artur Pachla. PL. 232685. Vegetable preparations for use in treating bee nosemosis and improving their immunity. Authors: Aneta A. Ptaszyńska, Grzegorz Borsuk, Daniel Załuski, Małgorzata Cytryńska, Wiesław Mułenko, Agnieszka Zdybicka-Barabas. PL. 231692. Preparation for use in the treatment of microsporidiosis, especially nosemosis in bees. Authors: M. Trytek, A. Ptaszyńska, D. Gryko, G. Borsuk. Internships and research trips 2019 - research internship at the Queen Mary University of London at the Epigenetic Hub (Hurd Lab). 2017 - individual research grant financed by EU funds: GB-TAF-7137: Pinning down Francis Walker's Insects with the first zoological epitypes. SYNTHESYS Project funding, Access Call 4, 13 October 2016, under a funding contract from the European Commission's, London NHM - Imperial College London. 2017 - Agricultural University of Athens, Greece, Erasmus Plus H.E. Staff Mobility for Training. 2016 - research internship at the Natural History Museum in London. 2012 - University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Biological Foundations of Animal Production, Department of Experimental and Environmental Biology, and Laura Kaufman. 1999 - Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Laboratory of Mutagenesis and DNA Reperation, one-year scientific internship as part of the practical part of the MA thesis.